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Synthesis and Characterization of Strontium Oxide Nano Particle by Sol-Gel Method

Volume 37, Number 1

Alimuddin1* and Mohd Rafeeq2

1Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, India.

2Department of CS and IT, School of Technology, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, India.

Corresponding Author E-mail: khanalim192@gmail.com

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/370124

Article Publishing History
Article Received on : 27-nov-2020
Article Accepted on : 05-jan-2021
Article Published : 28 Jan 2021
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ABSTRACT:

Synthesis of strontium oxide nanoparticles was carried out by sol –gel method using strontium nitrate and sodium hydroxide at room temperature which is very simple and cost effective. The characterization of strontium oxide nanoparticles was done using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR).
X-ray diffraction pattern indicates that the nanoparticles are crystalline in nature. The crystalline size of strontium oxide nanoparticle was calculated by Debye-Scherrer formula. The crystalline sizes are about 80nm. The morphology of nanoparticles was observed and investigated using SEM. The material at room temperature, calcined at 2000C, 400 0C and 6000C respectively shows pseudo spherical shape, cubic form and finally it becomes cylindrical this shows that there is a agglomeration with increase in temperature. FTIR spectrum of strontium oxide shows the peak at 854.64 cm-1 which is due to Sr -O bond.

KEYWORDS:

FTIR; Nanoparticle; SEM; Strontium Oxide; XRD

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Alimuddin A, Rafeeq M. Synthesis and Characterization of Strontium Oxide Nano Particle by Sol-Gel Method. Orient J Chem 2021;37(1).


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Alimuddin A, Rafeeq M. Synthesis and Characterization of Strontium Oxide Nano Particle by Sol-Gel Method. Orient J Chem 2021;37(1). Available from: https://bit.ly/2KWxhhb

Introduction

Strontium oxide nanoparticle had received great attention in basic and applied research for fabricating the devices because of its unique properties [1-5].

Strontium oxide nanoparticle is used to design the devices for dye- sensitized solar cells, electrodes for lithium ion battery, super capacitors, transistors, doped semiconductors, solar cells and gas sensors because of its morphology [6-10].

Growth of nanoparticles are depends on many factors such as viscosity, temperature and concentration of the medium. The growth of nanoparticle changed in the dependence on method of preparation of nanoparticle. The methods of synthesis of nonmaterial solids had been improved due to materials, scientist and engineers.[11-14]. Nanoparticles synthesis with unique properties is a new area of research which is a great importance. There are various methods to synthesize these materials in liquid phase such as hydrothermal [15-18], sol-gel [19–22], micro emulsion and microbial processes, out of these methods sol gel is a simple and cost effective method [23]. Due to different physical and chemical properties such as higher damping property, mechanical stability and good thermal conductivity nanoparticles have received a great attention in last few years [24]. Nanomaterials are known for many novel properties due to their nanometer size; many novel applications are already known from these novel properties.

The synthesis of strontium oxide nanoparticles was carried out by biometric method using ocimum sanctum leaf extract [6] and by wet process [10].

Therefore, the aim of this paper is to synthesize strontium oxide nanoparticle and investigate there morphology and uses in various field which is cost effective method as compared to other methods. 

Materials and Methods

Reagents and chemicals

Strontium nitrate were obtained by E. Merck (India). All the other reagents and chemicals applied here was of anal R grade.

Instrumentation

An Elico pH meter is used for measuring the pH level. Where as for heating these samples on varying temperatures, a muffle furnace was used. FTIR spectra are done using an FTIR Nicolet 50X spectrophotometer model in the region of 400-4000 cm-1 as KBr pallets. Cu Ka radiations were applied in diffractometer PW1820 for recording powder X-ray diffraction. The morphological studies were accomplished by SEM.

Synthesis

0.2M strontium nitrate solution was taken in a beaker and 0.5M NaOH solution was added   drop wise, after few minutes the white precipitate of strontium hydroxide was appeared in a beaker. The pH of the solution was measured 12.6 by Elico pH meter. The precipitate was washed with methyl alcohol two to three times in order to remove ionic impurities. The product was centrifuged for 5 minutes at 5000 rpm/min and dried at room temperature.

Result and Discussion

X- ray diffraction pattern shows crystalline nature of nanoparticle. Diffraction peaks matches with the database (JCPDS file #6-520) which corresponds to Sr(OH)2 with cubic structure. The Debye-Scherrer equation   D = 0.94λ / bcosq [25] was used to calculate the crystalline size,

where β is the full width at half maximum of peak.  λ represent the X-ray wavelength and q referred as Bragg diffraction angle. The crystalline size is about 80nm. The X ray diffraction pattern is shown in Figure. 1

Figure 1: Powder X- ray diffraction pattern of strontium oxide nanoparticles

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Figure 2(a) shows SEM image of strontium oxide nanoparticle at room temperature which show pseudo spherical shape. As the temperature increases upto 4000C it starts agglomeration and the shape becomes cubic [fig. 2 (b & c)]. Finally it becomes cylindrical [fig. 2 (d)] on further increase of temperature upto 6000C. This shows that there is an agglomeration with increase in temperature.

Figure 2: (a) SEM at room temperature of strontium oxide nanoparticles. (b) SEM at 2000C of strontium oxide nanoparticles. (c) SEM at 4000C of strontium oxide nanoparticles (d) SEM at 6000C of strontium oxide nanoparticles.

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FTIR spectrum of strontium oxide nanoparticle (fig. 3) shows the peak at 854.64 cm-1 which is due to Sr – O bond [26].  A sharp peak at 1339.75 cm-1, 1788.45 cm-1, 2425.97 cm-1 and,  2917.07 cm-1  was because of H-O-H bending [6, 27]. The peak at 3000-3600 cm-1 region represents the –OH group and interstitial water molecule [28]

Figure 3: FTIR spectrum of strontium oxide nanoparticles.

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Conclusion

Strontium oxide nanoparticles were synthesised using the sol-gel method. Material heated at 2000C, 4000C and 6000C. Characterization of SrO nanoparticles was done using X-ray diffraction, SEM and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR). X-ray diffraction pattern indicates that nanoparticles are of a crystalline nature. The SrO nanoparticle crystalline size was calculated using the Debye-Scherrer formula. Around 80nm is the crystalline size. The material can be used to design lithium ion battery electrode devices, transistors, doped semiconductors, solar cells, and gas sensors.

Acknowledgement

The authors are thankful to Dean School of Sciences and Dean School of Technology for providing research facilities.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.

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